Childfree (sometimes spelled child-free) is a term used to describe individuals who neither have children nor desire to have children. An alternative term is childless by choice.

The choice not to procreate has been a more available option since the development of reliable birth control, and has become increasingly common since the 1960s. Childfree social groups first emerged in the 1970s, most notable among them The National Organization for Non-Parents and No Kidding!. There have been numerous books written about childfree people and quantitative academic research is now emerging.

Childfree individuals do not necessarily share a unified political or economic philosophy, and most prominent childfree organizations tend to be social in nature. There are, however, a range of social positions related to childfree interests, and political and social activism in support of these interests has become increasingly commonplace.